* BFE change: Binding free energy change for the S protein and human ACE2 complex induced by a single-site S protein RBD mutation. A negative BFE change weakens the binding between S protein and ACE2, while a positive BFE change strengthens the binding between S protein and ACE2, giving rise to a more infectious variant [1].
♦ This column shows the number of antibody and S protein complexes disrupted by a specific mutation. We consider an antibody and S protein complex to be disrupted if its binding affinity is reduced by more than 0.3 kcal/mol.
♠ This column shows the ratio of disrupted antibody and S protein complexes out of 106 known complexes [2].